Overview

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Overview

The Regulatory Agencies for On Road and Off Road Vehicular Emission in India are Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRT&H), Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) under Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF); and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) in respective states.

The first Indian emission regulations were idle emission limits which became effective in 1989.

These idle emission regulations were soon replaced by mass emission limits for both gasoline (1991) and diesel (1992) vehicles, which were gradually tightened during the 1990's. Since the year 2000, India started adopting European emission and fuel regulations for four-wheeled light-duty and for heavy-duty vehicles. The Government of India in October 2003 has approved an Auto Fuel Policy that put forth a roadmap for implementing Euro-II, III and IV Vehicular Emission Standards by 2010.

Overview of the Emission Norms in India

1991 - The first stage emission norms came into force. Idle CO Limits for Gasoline Vehicles and Free Acceleration Smoke for Diesel Vehicles, Mass Emission Norms for Gasoline Vehicles.
1992 - Mass Emission Norms for Diesel Vehicles.
1995 - Mandatory fitment of Catalytic Converter for gasoline Cars in Metros on Unleaded.
1996 - Revision of Mass Emission Norms for Gasoline and Diesel Vehicles.
1998 - Cold Start Norms Introduced.
2000 - India 2000 (Eq. to Euro I) Norms, Modified IDC (Indian Driving Cycle), Bharat Stage II Norms for Delhi.
2001 - Bharat Stage II (Eq. to Euro II) Norms for All four metros cities, Emission Norms for CNG & LPG Vehicles.
2003 - Bharat Stage II (Eq. to Euro II) Norms for 11 major cities.
2005
- From 1st April Bharat Stage III (Eq. to Euro III) Norms for 11 major cities.
- Bharat Stage II Emission Norms for 2 & 3-Wheelers was effective from 1st April 2005
2008
- Bharat Stage III Emission Norms for 2 & 3-Wheelers to be applicable preferably from 1.4.2008 and not later than 1.4.2010
2010 - Bharat Stage III Emission Norms for 4-wheelers for entire country whereas Bharat Stage - IV (Eq. to Euro IV) for Thirteen cities namely; National Capital Region and the cities of Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad including Secunderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, Kanpur, Agra, Sholapur, and Lucknow.
Further Twenty cities were introduced under BS IV with effect from 2014 namely; Puducherry, Mathura, Vapi, Jamnagar, Ankaleshwar, Hissar and Bharatpur Daman, Diu, Silvasa, Unnao, Rae Bareilly, Aligarh, Karnal, Valsad, Yamuna Nagar, Kurukshetra, Nizamabad, Medak and Mehboobnagar.
The cities namely; Hindon city (Rajasthan), Dholpur (Rajasthan), Ahmednagar and Mahabalaeshwar (Maharashtra) and Kosi Kalan & Vrindavan (UP) have BS IV Norms but the BS IV fuel is not available.
Additional cities namely; Kochi, Trivandrum, Vishakhapatnam and Lakshdweep will be covered under BS-IV by end of year 2014.

In use Vehicles Emission Norms (Pollution under Control checks)

Every Motor Vehicles operating on PETROL/CNG/LPG shall comply the idling emission standards for Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Hydro Carbon (HC) and into force on and from 1st October, 2014. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways had issued a notification GSR 277 (E) 11th April, 2014 in this regard.

S. No.	Vehicle Type and Applicability	CO %	* HC (n - hexane equivalent) ppm
1	Two Wheelers (2/4 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured on and before 31st March, 2000)	4.50	9000

2	Two Wheelers (2/4 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured on and before 31st March, 2000)	3.50	6000

3	Two Wheelers (4 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured between 31st March, 2000 and 31st March 2010)	3.50	4500

4	Two Wheelers (2 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured after 31st March, 2010)	3.00	4000

5	Two Wheelers (4 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured after 31st March, 2010)	3.00	3000

6	Three Wheelers (2/4 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured on and before 31st March, 2000)	4.50	9000

7	Three Wheelers (2 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured after 31st March, 2000)	3.50	6000

8	Three Wheelers (4 - Stroke) (Vehicles manufactured after 31st March, 2000,	3.50	4500

9	Four Wheelers manufactured as per pre-Bharat Stage II emission norms	3.00	1500

10	Four Wheelers manufactured as per Bharat Stage-II or Bharat Stage-III Emission norms	0.50	750

Note:

Mass Emission standards for vehicles operating on CNG shall be the same as are applicable for gasoline vehicles with the exception that HC shall be replaced by Non- Methane HC where Non-Methane HC = 0.3 x HC.
Mass Emission standards for vehicles and operating on LPG shall be the same as are applicable for gasoline vehicles where HC shall be replaced by Reactive HC, where RHC = 0.5 x HC.

Disclaimer: The information provided herein are for reference only. This information should not be substituted for official regulations. ECMA is not engaged in rendering legal, regulatory or other professional services. For detailed Information, Check with Government Gazettes (http://www.egazette.nic.in) Sources.